Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Independent State of Jammu and Kashmir Of these, 2,398,320 (75.94%) were Muslims, 696,830 (22.06%) Hindus, 31,658 (1%) Sikhs, and 36,512 (1.16%) Buddhists.

In the first half of the 1st millennium, the Kashmir region became an important centre of Hinduism and later of Buddhism; later still, in the ninth century, Kashmir Shaivism arose.[4] In 1339, Shah Mir became the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir, inaugurating the Salatin-i-Kashmir or Swati dynasty.[5] For the next five centuries, Muslim monarchs ruled Kashmir, including the Mughals, who ruled from 15

86 until 1751, and the Afghan Durrani Empire, which ruled from 1751 until 1820.[5] That year, the Sikhs, under Ranjit Singh, annexed Kashmir.[5] In 1846, after the Sikh defeat in the First Anglo-Sikh War, and upon the purchase of the region from the British under the Treaty of Amritsar, the Raja of Jammu, Gulab Singh, became the new ruler of Kashmir. The rule of his descendants, under the paramountcy (or tutelage) of the British Crown, lasted until 1947, when the former princely state of the British Indian Empire became a disputed territory, now administered by three countries: India, Pakistan, and China

Demographics[edit]
Circle frame.svg
Religion in Jammu & Kashmir [51]

Islam (70.13%)
Hinduism (27.32%)
Sikhism (1.30%)
Buddhism (0.9%)
Other (0.35%)
In the 1901 Census of the British Indian Empire, the population of the princely state of Kashmir and Jammu was 2,905,578. Of these, 2,154,695 (74.16%) were Muslims, 689,073 (23.72%) Hindus, 25,828 (0.89%) Sikhs, and 35,047 (1.21%) Buddhists (implying 935 (0.032%) others). A Muslim shawl making family shown in Cashmere shawl manufactory, 1867, chromolith., William Simpson

A group of Kashmiri Pandits, natives of Kashmir Valley belong to one of the prominent Shaiva sects of Hinduism, shown in 1895
Among the Muslims of the princely state, four divisions were recorded: "Shaikhs, Saiyids, Mughals, and Pathans. The Shaikhs, who are by far the most numerous, are the descendants of Hindus, but have retained none of the caste rules of their forefathers. They have clan names known as krams ..."[52] It was recorded that these kram names included "Tantray", "Shaikh", "Batt", "Manto", "Ganai", "Dar", "Lone", "Wani","Magray" etc. The Saiyids were found to be the second most numerous group, it was recorded that they "could be divided into those who follow the profession of religion and those who have taken to agriculture and other pursuits. Their kram name is 'Mir.' While a Saiyid retains his saintly profession Mir is a prefix; if he has taken to agriculture, Mir is a suffix to his name."[52] The Mughals who were not numerous were recorded to have kram names like "Mir" (a corruption of "Mirza"), "Beg", "Bandi", "Bach" and "Ashaye". Finally, it was recorded that the Pathans "who are more numerous than the Mughals, ... are found chiefly in the south-west of the valley, where Pathan colonies have from time to time been founded. The most interesting of these colonies is that of Kuki-Khel Afridis at Dranghaihama, who retain all the old customs and speak Pashto."[52] Among the main tribes of Muslims in the princely state are the Butts, Dar, Lone, Jat, Gujjar, Rajput, Sudhan and Khatri. A small number of Butts, Dar and Lone use the title Khawaja and the Khatri use the title Shaikh the Gujjar use the title of Chaudhary. All these tribes are indigenous of the princely state which converted to Islam from Hinduism during its arrival in region. The Hindus were found mainly in Jammu, where they constituted a little less than 60% of the population.[52] In the Kashmir Valley, the Hindus represented "524 in every 10,000 of the population (i.e. 5.24%), and in the frontier wazarats of Ladhakh and Gilgit only 94 out of every 10,000 persons (0.94%)."[52] In the same Census of 1901, in the Kashmir Valley, the total population was recorded to be 1,157,394, of which the Muslim population was 1,083,766, or 93.6% and the Hindu population 60,641.[52] Among the Hindus of Jammu province, who numbered 626,177 (or 90.87% of the Hindu population of the princely state), the most important castes recorded in the census were "Brahmans (186,000), the Rajputs (167,000), the Khattris (48,000) and the Thakkars (93,000)."[52]

In the 1911 Census of the British Indian Empire, the total population of Kashmir and Jammu had increased to 3,158,126. In the last census of British India in 1941, the total population of Kashmir and Jammu (which as a result of the second world war, was estimated from the 1931 census) was 3,945,000. Of these, the total Muslim population was 2,997,000 (75.97%), the Hindu population was 808,000 (20.48%), and the Sikh 55,000 (1.39%).[53]

The Kashmiri Pandits, the only Hindus of the Kashmir valley, who had stably constituted approximately 4 to 5% of the population of the valley during Dogra rule (1846–1947), and 20% of whom had left the Kashmir valley by 1950,[54] began to leave in much greater numbers in the 1990s. According to a number of authors, approximately 100,000 of the total Kashmiri Pandit population of 140,000 left the valley during that decade.[55] Other authors have suggested a higher figure for the exodus, ranging from the entire population of over 150[56] to 190 thousand (1.5 to 190,000) of a total Pandit population of 200 thousand (200,000)[57] to a number as high as 300 thousand[58] (300,000). The total population of India's division of Jammu and Kashmir is 12,541,302[59] and Pakistan's division of Kashmir is 2,580,000 and Gilgit-Baltistan is 870,347

18/11/2017

Azad Jammu and Kashmir Independent State of Jammu and Kashmir

04/11/2017

King Abdullah Campus:
The reconstruction of the University is a top priority. The construction of the King Abdullah Campuses at Muzaffarabad is underway. The PC-I for building Muzaffarabad Campus worth Rs. 5.561 billion out of Saudi Development Fund (SDF) has been materialized and work on the project has already been started. The campuses are to be built in 3-years time and state of the art facilities will be made available to students.

13/12/2016

چترال سے اسلام آباد جانے والا پی آئی اے کا مسافر طیارہ پی کے 661 ایبٹ آباد میں حویلیاں کے قریب گر کر تباہ ہوگیا ہے، طیارے کے انجن میں خرابی کے باعث حادثہ پیش آیا۔ طیارے کے پائلٹ صالح جنجوعہ جب کہ معاون پائلٹ احمد جنجوعہ ہیں اس کے علاوہ طیارے میں 2 ایئرہوسٹس صدف فاروق، عاصمہ عادل سوار تھیں، ڈپٹی کمشنر چترال اور معروف نعت خواں جنید جمشید بھی اہل خانہ کے ہمراہ اس طیارے میں سوار تھے۔ طیارہ آج صبح اسلام آباد سے 45 مسافروں کو لے کر چترال گیا تھا جب کہ طیارے نے شام 4 بج کر 45 منٹ پر اسلام آباد پہنچنا تھا تاہم لینڈنگ سے کچھ ہی دیر بعد طیارے کا ریڈار سے رابطہ منقطع ہوگیا تھا، اس سے قبل پائلٹ نے مدد کے لیے ایمرجنسی کال کی تھی جس میں انہوں نے کہا کہ طیارے کا ایک انجن بند ہوگیا ہے، جس کی وجہ سے انہیں پرواز میں مشکلات کا سامنا ہے۔ دوسری جانب ڈپٹی کمشنر ایبٹ آباد نے اس بات کی تصدیق کرتے ہوئے کہا کہ مسافر طیارہ حویلیاں کے قریب پہاڑ سے ٹکرانے کے بعد گر کر تباہ ہوا۔ آئی ایس پی آر کے مطابق آرمی ہیلی کاپٹر اور فوجی دستے جائے حادثہ پر روانہ ہوگئے ہیں اور آخری اطلاعات آنے تک پاک افواج نے 21 جسد خاکی طیارے کے ملبے سے نکال لیے تھے. ادھر ترجمان پی آئی اے نے حادثے کی تصدیق کرتے ہوئے کہا کہ طیارے میں خواتین، شیرخوار بچوں اور عملے سمیت 40 افراد سوار تھے جب کہ طیارے کی تلاش کے لیے تمام وسائل بروئے کار لارہے ہیں اور ایمرجنسی رسپانس سینٹر بھی قائم کردیا گیا ہے اور مزید معلومات کے لیے ان نمبرز پر رابطہ کیا جاسکتا ہے 02199044376، 02199044394۔ دوسری جانب وزیرداخلہ نے ریسکیو اداروں کو فوری اقدامات کی ہدایت کی ہے۔ عینی شاہدین کے مطابق طیارے کو پہاڑ سے ٹکرانے کے بعد گرتے ہوئے دیکھا جس کے بعد آگ کے شعلے بلند ہوئے اور طیارہ مکمل طور پر جل کر راکھ ہوگیا۔ بلا شبہ یہ ایک انتہائی دردناک سانحہ ہے اور یقینا تمام جاں بحق ہونے والے افراد کے اہل خانہ کے لیے کسی قیامت صغریٰ سے کم نہیں اسی طیارے میں جنید جمشید بھی سوار تھے جو اپنی اہلیہ کے ساتھ راہئی جنۃ ہوئے تاہم پاکستانی میڈیا نے اس اندوہناک سانحے کو بھی اپنی ٹی آر پی بڑھانے کا ذریعہ بنا لیا اور انتہائی شقاوت قلبی کے ساتھ دیگر 46 افراد کو پس پشت ڈال کر صرف جنید جمشید کے نام کو کیش کرانے میں لگا ہوا ہے۔(™DAJAP)

22/11/2016

Saiful Muluk: (Urdu: جھیل سیف الملوک‎) is a mountainous lake located at the northern end of the Kaghan Valley, near the town of Naran.[1] It is in the north east of Mansehra District in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan and feeds water to Kunhar river. At an elevation of 3,224 m (10,578 feet) above sea level, it is well above the tree line, and is one of the highest lakes in Pakistan

22/11/2016

....................... .A MOSQUE IN BATTAGRAM...................................
Battagram: (Urdu: بٹگرام‎, Pashto: بټګرام‎) is the capital city of Battagram District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°41'N 73°1'E and has an altitude of 1038 metres (3408 feet).. [1] The schools are being built with the help of several NGOs and foreign funds to improve the literacy rate of the people.

Climateof battagram:
With a mild and generally warm and temperate climate, Battagram features a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) under the Köppen climate classification. The average temperature in Battagram is 18.5 °C, while the annual precipitation averages 1218 mm. Even in the driest months, there is a lot of precipitation. November is the driest month with 28 mm of precipitation, while July, the wettest month, has an average precipitation of 229 mm.

June is the hottest month of the year with an average temperature of 27.9 °C. The coldest month January has an average temperature of 7.6 °C.

Photos from Azad Jammu and Kashmir's post

20/11/2016

The term Line of Control (LoC) refers to the military control line between the Indian and Pakistani controlled parts of the former princely state of Kashmir and Jammu—a line which, to this day, does not constitute a legally recognized international boundary but is the de facto border. Originally known as the Cease-fire Line, it was redesignated as the "Line of Control" following the Simla Agreement, which was signed on 3 July 1972. The part of the former princely state that is under Indian control is known as the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The two parts of the former princely state that are under Pakistani control are known as Gilgit–Baltistan and Azad Kashmir (AJK). Its northernmost point is known as the NJ9842.

Another ceasefire line separates the Indian-controlled state of Jammu and Kashmir from the Chinese-controlled area known as Aksai Chin. Lying further to the east, it is known as the Line of Actual Control (LAC) and has been referred to as one of the most dangerous places in the world
pot by [AL-ASKARI PHOTPGRAPHY]

20/11/2016

Mughal Road (Urdu: مغل شارع) is the road between Bafliaz, a town in the Poonch district, to Shopian district in the Kashmir valley. The road is 84km long, and situated in the Jammu and Kashmir state of India.[1] It passes over Pir Panjal Mountain range, at altitude of 11,500 ft (3505 m), that is higher than Banihal pass (2832 m).[2]

The road brings the Poonch and Rajouri districts closer to Srinagar in Kashmir valley, and reduces the distance between Srinagar and Poonch from 588km to 126km.[3] It makes for alternate road route to Kashmir valley from rest of India, other than over-crowded Jammu-Srinagar Highway through Jawahar Tunnel (Banihal Tunnel) (National Highway 1A).[4] The road passes through Buffliaz, Behramgalla, Chandimarh,Poshana, Chattapani, Peer Ki Gali, Aliabad, Zaznar, Dubjan, Heerpora and Shopian.

The road was historically used by Moghul emperors to travel and conquer Kashmir during the sixteenth century.[5] It was the route used by Akbar the Great to conquer Kashmir in 1586, and his son Emperor Jahangir died while returning from Kashmir on this road near Rajouri

20/11/2016

Mansehra (Urdu: مانسہرہ) is a town located in Mansehra District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.[1]

The name of the city is derived from that of its founder, Sardar Maha Singh Mirpuri, who was a Sikh administrator and general in the Sikh Khalsa Army during the rule of the Khalsa Empire of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
poto by [AL-ASKARI PHOTOGRAPHY]

20/11/2016

Musa Ka Musala stands at an altitude of 4080 meters at the junction of Siran and Kaghan Valleys in Himalaya. The name translates to “Moses’ Mat” which has different stories associated with it. While some believe it to be named after a local shepherd with the name of Musa who used to pray at the peak, some even attribute it to the prophet Moses. At the top, there is a Shrine made up of different stones and marked with colorful flags. Its status has always been debatable whether, it is a peak or plateau.[1]

It is situated 150 kilometres (93 mi) north of the city of Abbottabad in Himalayas, Pakistan. A road from Shinkiari, a tehsil of District Mansehra, leads up to Mandakucha the most frequently used trek is Mandakucha, Jacha, Bikhi, Jabbar, Khorri (Gali) and Choti ZiaraGali.[2][3]

The mountain is 4,076 metres (13,400 ft) above sea level and can be seen from places 200 kilometres (120 mi) away. The mount has the appearance of a prayer mat so it is named Musa Ka Musala, meaning Moses' prayer mat. The mountain is icescaped all year long. The mountain top is considered a ziarat {Islamic shrine} by the locals, as a shepherd, in old times, used to offer his daily prayers at the peak. The mountain is surrounded by Khunda (Gali) Peak, which very much resembles K2.

Imran Junaidi (from Pakistan) is first mountaineer to summit Musa ka Musalla in winter. However, it is easy to climb in summer

20/11/2016

Kaghan Valley (Urdu: وادی کاغان ‎) is an alpine-climate valley in Mansehra District of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. Landslides caused by the devastating 2005 Kashmir earthquake closed the Kaghan Valley road and cut off the valley from the outside. The road now has been rebuilt.[1]

The valley extends 155 kilometers (96 mi), rising from an elevation of 2,134 feet (650 m) to its highest point, the Babusar Pass, at 13,690 feet (4,170 m)
poto by [AL-ASKARI PHOTOGRAPHY]

20/11/2016

Neelum: Valley (also spelled Neelam Valley) (Urdu: وادیِ نیلم ‎) is a 144 km long bow-shaped thick forested region in Azad Kashmir in Pakistan. It is named after the Neelam river, which flows through the length of the valley.[1]

The valley is situated in the north-east of Muzaffarabad, running parallel to Kaghan Valley. The two valleys are only separated by snow-covered peaks, some over 4,000 meters (13,000 ft) above sea level.

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Azad Jammu and Kashmir

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