Home sweet home - Tanzania

opareshen tokomeza yaanza fanikiwa majangiri wak**atwa na meno 51 ya tembo

Hivi wajuwa kwamba Tanzania ndio sehemu bora zaidi kwa uzazi wa ndege aina ya flamingo?"breeding of flamingos" hawa ni miongoni mwa ndege wapendao maeneo yenye maji ya chumvi"wading birds" na eneo bora zaidi kwao ni katika ziwa liitwalo ni momela lake"ziwa momela ni ziwa ambalo lina maji ya chumvi.....home sweet home

Basic Facts About Elephants
Habitat loss is one of the key threats facing elephants. Many climate change projections indicate that key portions of elephants’ habitat will become significantly hotter and drier, resulting in poorer foraging conditions and threatening calf survival. Increasing conflict with human populations taking over more and more elephant habitat and poaching for ivory are additional threats that are placing the elephant’s future at risk.

Of the two species, African elephants are divided into two subspecies (savannah and forest), while the Asian elephant is divided into four subspecies (Sri Lankan, Indian, Sumatran and Borneo). Asian elephants have been very important to Asian culture for thousands of years – they have been domesticated and are used for religious festivals, transportation and to move heavy objects.
Diet
Staples: Grasses, leaves, bamboo, bark, roots. Elephants are also known to eat crops like banana and sugarcane which are grown by farmers. Adult elephants eat 300-400 lbs of food per day.
Population
At the turn of the 20th century, there were a few million African elephants and about 100,000 Asian elephants. Today, there are an estimated 450,000 - 700,000 African elephants and between 35,000 - 40,000 wild Asian elephants.
Range
African savannah elephants are found in savannah zones in 37 countries south of the Sahara Desert. African forest elephants inhabit the dense rainforests of west and central Africa. The Asian elephant is found in India, Sri Lanka, China and much of Southeast Asia.
Behavior
Elephants form deep family bonds and live in tight matriarchal family groups of related females called a herd. The herd is led by the oldest and often largest female in the herd, called a matriarch. Herds consist of 8-100 individuals depending on terrain and family size. When a calf is born, it is raised and protected by the whole matriarchal herd. Males leave the family unit between the ages of 12-15 and may lead solitary lives or live temporarily with other males.
Elephants are extremely intelligent animals and have memories that span many years. It is this memory that serves matriarchs well during dry seasons when they need to guide their herds, sometimes for tens of miles, to watering holes that they remember from the past. They also display signs of grief, joy, anger and play.
Recent discoveries have shown that elephants can communicate over long distances by producing a sub-sonic rumble that can travel over the ground faster than sound through air. Other elephants receive the messages through the sensitive skin on their feet and trunks. It is believed that this is how potential mates and social groups communicate.
Reproduction
Mating Season: Mostly during the rainy season.
Gestation: 22 months.
Litter size: 1 calf (twins rare).
Calves weigh between 200-250 lbs at birth. At birth, a calf's trunk has no muscle tone, therefore it will suckle through its mouth. It takes several months for a calf to gain full control of its trunk.

IN ADITION
Elephats can leave up to 60 up to 65 years,can eat up to 120 klgram and 80 litters of water...and the old elephant can posses about 6 up to 7 tons of its weight...

HUYU NI MAMBA
Mamba ni reptile mkubwa ambae ana maisha ya aina mbili,majini na nchi kavu,mamba hana ulimi ana gularsack kiungo kilichopo kooni mwa mamba kikiwa na kazi ya kuzuia wakati maji yanataka kupita,pia hana ngozi ya jicho ambayo inafanya afumbe jico ndio maana hawezi kuishi kwenye maji ya chumvi kwani hawezi kufunga macho,mamba pia ana meno ambayo huyatumia k**a zipu kwn hatafuni,kwa sababu hata magego kwa sababu ndio meno ambayo hutumika kutafuna...mamba hana uwezo wa kuuwa nchi kavu kwani huuwa kwa mfumo wa kubana pumzi kwa kukuzamisha ndani ya maji na hutumia vipande vinne vya maji ambapo kila chember inauwezo wa kukaa kwenye maji dkika 5 hivyo kwa kuytumia moyo ana dakika 20 na endapo usipo kufa anaanza kutumia gills ambazohupumuwa k**a samaki na ukifa anakumeza bila kukutafuna....mamba pia mdoma wake wa juu tuu ndio unafunuka na hutumia mkia wake wakati wa kukata kona na anspidi ya 195km/hr kwa saa k**a anataka kuk**ata/anawinda.pamoja na kuishi ndani ya maji muda mrefu ila hutagia na kutotolea nchi kavu..mamba pia hata utumbo na akisha kumeza anatema sumu tumbuni ambayo hukiyeyusha kila kilichopo tumbuni na hupumzika kula kwa siku 3 /masaa 72 ndipo awinde ten ila hii ni kulingana na ukubwa wa alichokula....na anauwezo wa kula kilo mpk 20 kwa siku na anauwezo wa kuishi zaidi ya miaka 50 kulingana na mazingira....ULIYAJUWA KABLA?

The Big Five

LIONS - King of Beasts

Mention a safari to Africa, and one animal springs immediately to mind - lion! This, the so-called King of Beasts, is on everybody's list of animals to see. This fascination is no doubt due to the size and awesome power of this large cat, and its hunting prowess. But it may also have something to do with the human psyche, for our hominid ancestors on the African plains had to contend with lions as competitors and enemies on a daily basis. Perhaps they still dwell deep in our subconscious mind!

THE AFRICAN ELEPHANT - Gardeners of the Savannah

The African Elephant is the largest land mammal and perhaps the continent's most charismatic creature. Few animals are as closely linked to the welfare of mankind - for elephants have the potential to greatly modify the vegetation of landscapes, destroy the crops of subsistence farmers as well as create wealth through their valuable ivory tusks. There is little doubt that elephants have played a vital role in the economic history of the continent. Today, visitors to Africa's wildlife reserves and wilderness areas are captivated by the power and grace of these magnificent animals and by their apparent sensitivity and compassion.

WHITE RHINOCEROS - Great Grazer

Perhaps the first thing people wonder about the white rhinoceros is why it has its name. It is certainly not white in colour and actually has the same skin tone as its cousin, the black rhino. In fact, the name is thought to have been derived from the Dutch word "weid" meaning "wide" in reference to the animal's broad, wide mouth.

BLACK RHINOCEROS - Black Beauty

The Black Rhinoceros has a hooked, prehensile nose, carrying its head high on its shoulders, as opposed to the low-hanging head and hump-shoulders of its relative, the grazing White Rhino. Predominantly a browser of short woody trees and shrubs, the Black Rhinoceros uses its pointed upper lip to grasp leaves and twigs, employing its double horns to dig roots or break branches too far out of reach. Its grey, wrinkled skin varies in colour due to the mud and dust in which it frequently wallows to cool down and protect against flies and sun. The two species of African rhino are similar in height, averaging about 1.6m at the shoulder, but the Black Rhinoceros has roughly half the mass of a White Rhinoceros, weighing in at a demure 1000 kg.

BUFFALO - Flanks of Ebony, Horns of Steel

A large herd of buffalo is an unforgettable sight. Heads raised, horns glinting, massive fringed ears and noses twitching in search of danger. Closely related to the domestic cow, the African buffalo is one of the most successful and perhaps ecologically important mammals on the African continent. Buffalo are completely dependent upon surface water, so are absent from arid and semi-arid regions but are widespread and common in savannah, woodland and forest environments. Not surprisingly, however, they provide good meat and few now survive beyond the borders of wildlife reserves and other protected areas. Buffalo are also host to several diseases which are lethal to domestic cattle and so have been eliminated from areas suitable for ranchlands.

LEOPARD - Prince of Darkness

Few animals possess the mysterious aura of the leopard. 'Prince of Darkness' and 'Silent Hunter' are frequent epithets for this traditionally elusive cat. Like the lion, the leopard has been held in awe by generations of people across Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Although an infrequent man-killer, leopards elicit fear and dread among rural people whose domestic animals may be at risk to these cunning predators. The leopard is the most adaptable of the large predators and may still be found in close proximity to man, even, sometimes, on the outskirts of large cities. It is able to survive in just about any environment, being at home in forest, savannah, desert, or mountain top. The body of a leopard was once found in the snowfields on Mount Kilimanjaro at an altitude of some 4500 metres!

Nyani huyu anaitwa Sanje Mangabey ni nyani ambaye anapatikana Tanzania pekee na katika hifadhi ya Udzugwa,hifadhi ambayo inanyani wengi mpk ikaitwa paradise of primates.....japo na wanyama wengine wapo especially big five animals...

Huyu ndio kihansi spray toad chura anae zaa na kubeba mtoto mgongoni anapatikana Tanzania peke yake na sio pengine popote duniani

Kihansi Spray toad ni chura mdogo aishie katika unyenyevu(mvuke)wa maji yatokanayo na maporomoko,wanapatikana katika eneo la Mlimba Morogoro,jirani kabisa na hifadhi ya Mlima ya Udzugwa.Hawa ndio wale vyura walio chukuliwa na wamarekani na kushi Marekani hivyo wakalazimika kuwarejesha,Sifa yao kubwa ni kwamba vyura hawa wanazaa na kunyonyesha na kubeba moto mgongoni kitaalamu inaitwa"external parental care" wanalea k**a binadamu k**a aonekanavyo katika picha hapo....hawapatikani kokote duniani isipokuwa TANZANIA ...OH HOME SWEET HOME

Kwa kawaida kinyonga huwa akizaa mtoto basi maisha ya mama aliyemzaa huishia pale,na hii ni kutokana na kupasuka tumbo kitaalam inaitwa stomach zip...ila kinyonga huyu huzaa k**a binadamu na humlea mtoto kwa kumbeba mgongoni k**a uonanyo picha yake na hapatikani popote duniani zaidi ya Tanzania ktk hfadhi ya Udzungwa national park....ulilijuwa hili?

Tanzania
Primates found nowhere else include the Rondo Dwarf Galago (EDGE), the Uluguru Bushbaby (Planet' Mammiferes), the Zanzibar Red Colobus (ARKive), the Udzungwa Red Colobus (ARKive), the
Sanje Mangabey (ARKive), and a recently described genus: the Kipunji Rungwecebus kipunji (ARKive). Other endemic mammals

include Abbott's Duiker (Ultimate Ungulate), the Pemba Flying Fox (ARKive), Swynnerton's Bush Squirrel (Mammals of Tanzania), the Demon African Mole Rat (Mammals of Tanzania), Verhagen's Brush-furred Rat (Mammals of Tanzania), the Kilimanjaro Mouse Shrew (Mammals of Tanzania), Howell's Forest Shrew (Mammals of Tanzania), Phillip's Congo Shrew (Mammals of Tanzania), and an enormous recently described elephant shrew: the Gray-faced Sengi (ARKive).

Birds unique to Tanzania include the Usambara Eagle-owl (BirdLife Int'l), the Pemba Scops-owl (Owl Pages), the Gray-breasted Francolin (IBC), the Masked Lovebird (WPT), the Pemba Green-pigeon (ARKive), the Uluguru Bush-shrike (BirdLife Int'l), the Banded Sunbird (African Bird Image Database), the Pemba Sunbird (IBC), the Iringa Akalat (ARKive), the Kilombero Weaver (ARKive), Beesley's Lark (IBC), the Pemba White-eye (IBC), the Usambara Hyliota (BirdLife Int'l), the Kipengere Seedeater (Global Twitcher), and the recently described Rubeho Warbler (Tanzania Bird Atlas) and the Ruaha Hornbill (flickr). The Udzungwa Forest-partridge (BirdLife Int'l) is an endemic genus.

Reptiles exclusive to Tanzania include the Uluguru One-horned Chameleon (flickr), the Usambara Three-horned Chameleon (Reptarium), the Spiny-flanked Chameleon (ARKive), the Bearded Pygmy Chameleon (MTSN), the Turquoise Dwarf Gecko (ARKive), the Pemba Day Gecko (Phelsumania), the Montane Agama (Philip Shirk), the Ornate Shovelsnout Snake (Tanzaniaherps), Werner’s Green Tree Snake (MTSN), the Usambara Garter Snake (ARKive), Matilda's Horned Viper (BBC), and the Horned Bush Viper (CalPhotos). Endemic genera include the round-snouted worm lizards Loveridgea (eol), the Dagger-tooth Vine Snake Xyelodontophis (Google Books), and the Udzungwe Mountain Bush Viper Adenorhinos (Tanzaniaherps).

Amphibians restricted to Tanzania include the Mazumbai Warty Frog (EDGE), Barbour's Forest Tree Frog (ARKive), the Uluguru Banana Frog (MTSN), the Usambara Big-fingered Frog (ARKive), Keith's Striped Frog (ARKive), Mette's Reed Frog (Tanzaniaherps), a running frog Kassina jozani (Coastal Forests pdf file), the Rocky River Frog (ARKive), Nike's Squeaker (ARKive), the Uzungwe Toad (ARKive), a caecilian Boulengerula boulengeri (eol), and the Banded Caecilian (AmphibiaWeb). Endemic genera include the Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides (AmphibiaWeb), a tree toad Churamiti (ARKive), the Usambara Blue-bellied Frog Hoplophryne (p. 21 of TBA 4 MB pdf file), the Amani Forest Frog Parhoplophryne (eol), and the Scarlet-snouted Frog Spelaeophryne (African Amphibians Lifedesk).

Freshwater fish known solely from Tanzania include the killifish Nothobranchius korthausae (ARKive) and Nothobranchius eggersi (eol), the Lake Rukwa Lampeye (FishBase), the catfishes Synodontis rufigiensis (PlanetCatfish) and Zaireichthys wamiensis (ARKive), the Olivegreen Ufipa Barb (FishBase), a shellear Kneria rukwaensis (FishBase), and several cichlids including Alcolapia latilabris (FishBase), Pundamilia igneopinnis (ARKive), Neolamprologus devosi (FishBase), Pseudotropheus longior (MalawiCichlids.com), and Haplochromis argens (Species ID). Endemic genera include an African tetra Petersius (eol) and the Lake Victoria cichlids Lithochromis (Big Sky Cichlids) and Mbipia (Cichlid Room Companion).

Butterflies confined to Tanzania (p. 16 of Coastal Forests pdf file) include the Tanzanian Diadem (Magic of Life), Papilio ufipa (WNS Stamps), Charaxes usambarae (Albertine Rift Butterflies), Acraea punctimarginea (Dominique Bernaud), and Euphaedra confina (metafro). Other endemic insects include the Amani Flatwing (ARKive), the Golden Dancing-jewel (ARKive), a katydid Aerotegmina kilimandjarica (OSF), a grasshopper Ixalidium transiens (IUCN pdf file), a longhorned beetle Olenecamptus zanzibaricus (Harvard), and several flower beetles: Eudicella trilineata (Heinz Rothacher), Stephannorrhina princeps (Golianthus.com), and Conradtia principalis (Flower Beetles). The East Wind Gladiator Tanzaniophasma (previously Mantophasma) subsolana (fig. A on p. 4 of CVE 3 MB pdf file) is sometimes considered to be the sole member of an endemic family, the Tanzaniophasmatidae.

Other endemic invertebrates include a baboon spider Encyocratella olivacea (flickr), the jumping spiders Lilliput minutus (Salticidae of the World) and Tomocyrba masai (Salticidae of the World), the millipedes Spirostreptus hamatus (diplopoda.de) and Crurifarcimen vagans (IISE), a land snail Gulella amboniensis (ARKive), a freshwater snail Potadomoides pelseneeri (ARKive), the freshwater crabs Platythelphusa immaculata (p. 4 of Nyanza Project pdf file) and Potamonautes infravallatus (p. 69 of AToL Decapoda 4 MB pdf file), and a sea slug Glossodoris gregorius (Sea Slug Forum).

Among over 1100 vascular plant species unique to Tanzania are the African violets Saintpaulia goetzeana (Gesneriad Reference Web) and Saintpaulia shumensis (Gesneriad Reference Web), Aloe dorotheae (ARKive), the orchids Polystachya longiscapa (IOPSE) and Ancistrorhynchus refractus (JSTOR), a palm Dypsis pembana (PACSOA), a cycad Encephalartos sclavoi (PACSOA), Ecbolium tanzaniense (Kew), Cola usambarensis (p. 4 of Kew pdf file), a coral tree Erythrina schliebenii (Univ. Copenhagen), Allanblackia stuhlmannii (Protabase), Impatiens kilimanjari (flickr), Isoglossa variegata (Kew), and Uvariopsis bisexualis (IUCN Red List). Endemic genera include Streptosiphon (Tree of Life), the orchids Neobenthamia (orchid-nord.com) and Sphyrarhynchus (JSTOR), Farrago (JSTOR), Urogentias (JSTOR), Stephanostema (Pflanzenreich), Neohemsleya (JSTOR), Mwasumbia (Annonaceae of Africa), and Sanrafaelia (Annonaceae of Africa).

Portions of Tanzania are part of the following biodiversity hotspots: the Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa (CI) and the Eastern Afromontane (CI). The Eastern Arc Forests (EoE) are an exceptional terrestrial ecoregion. Important freshwater ecoregions include Coastal East Africa (FEOW) and the world's three richest lakes for endemic freshwater fish species: Lake Victoria (FEOW), Lake Tanganyika (FEOW), and Lake Malawi (FEOW).

Jamani kwa wakati mwingine tena tukutane hapa tuelezane yale mazuri ya Tanzania na upekee(unique)wake,hapa utajuwa tofauti ya sisi na wao katika nyanja ya utalii,takwimu na vivutio,viwango halali vya kutembelea vivutio namna gani ya kuvifikia vivutio na mengine mengi.....utalii wote kuhusu mbuga,majini,milimani,mambo kale yote utayapata hapa...uliza lolote khusu utalii wa Tanzania......