10/14/2026
In 1859, British philosopher John Stuart Mill wrote “On Liberty.” While he was not an American, Mill gave us one of the finest defenses of free speech ever written.
His argument is simple. Silencing an opinion is dangerous, even when we believe that opinion is wrong.
Why? Because there are three possibilities:
First, the opinion might be right. History is full of people who were certain they were right and turned out to be fools. The Earth was once the center of the universe (at least, according to the experts).
Second, the opinion might be partly right. Most arguments contain some kernel of truth. We get closer to the whole truth by allowing competing ideas to challenge each other.
Third, the opinion might be completely wrong. Even then, we benefit from hearing it. Truth needs opposition. Without debate, our beliefs become slogans. We forget why we believe them in the first place.
Mill understood something that modern censors often miss. No one has a monopoly on wisdom.
Especially the government!
The First Amendment does not exist to protect popular opinions. Popular opinions don’t need protection. It exists to protect the person who says something the majority despises.
That includes speech we find offensive, foolish, or downright ridiculous.
The answer to bad speech is better speech. Not a government official deciding which opinions are fit for public consumption.
A free society requires humility. We must admit both that we could be wrong, and that the person we cannot stand might have something worth saying.
Freedom of speech is not a favor we grant people who agree with us. It is the price we pay for living among free people.