The Qutub Shahi Dynasty

ian migrants to the Qutb Shahi dominions made the kingdom seat of learning and extensive literary activities. The Qutb Shahi rulers and the nobility, who were mostly Iranians, were genuine patron of arts and sciences. The kingdom made an invaluable contribution to the cause of letters and bequeathed to posterity a vast treasure of knowledge which can never sink into oblivion. All the Qutb Shahi rulers were highly educated and were great patrons of art and learning .Much as they exulted in a selfless discharge of their duties as rulers, they inculcated in them deep love of arts and sciences. Poets and litterateurs were equally at home with them. They even composed poetry and penned volumes in prose, with the result that literary pursuits had a fresh of life during their regime.(2)
Most of the elite and nobility of Golkonda was drawn from it developed a great degree of cultured exchange from the two countries. (3) Most of the Iranian poets, epistolarians, historiographers, Ulema,Muftis, physicians and other visited Golkonda and some of them settled there. The Persian epistolography developed by Iranian migrants is the best artistic prose in Golkonda .Migration of great Ulama from Golkonda created a great volume of religious literature which surpassed the size of any other branch of Persian literature in Golkunda. This Shi’ite Ulama religious literature relates to the interpretation of the Holy Quran, theology, eschatology, jurisprudence and prayers. Iranian scholars in Golkonda showed profound interest in philosophy, ethics and mysticism. They introduced almost all important Greek, Arab and Iranian thinkers in Golkonda society through Persian literature. Iranian scientists and physicians in Golkonda contributed vastly to the study of medicine, physics, meteorology and mathematics. The Iranian scholars produced considerable amount of historiography work in Golkonda. They highlighted the political and cultural aspects in their works and also paid attention to the civil and military administration and economic life of the people .The Iranian scholars created specialized work in various disciplines. The encyclopedias written during the Qutb Shahi period by them is no way inferior to modern encyclopedias. Though the state was Islamic, some Hindus did rise to prominence in the Qutb Shahi state, the most important example being the ministers Madanna and Akkanna. The dynasty ruled Golconda for 171 years, until the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb plundured the city of jewels . The Qutub Shahi rulers were great builders and patrons of learning. They not only patronized the Persian culture but also the regional culture of the Deccan, symbolized by the Telugu language and the newly developed Deccani idiom of Urdu. The main part of Golconda State was most of the present day Andhra Pradesh Although Telugu was not their mother tongue, the Golconda rulers learned Telugu. Golconda and later Hyderabad served as capitals of the sultanate, and both cities were embellished by the Qutb Shahi sultans. The seven sultans in the dynasty were:
Sultan Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk Shah Wali (1518–1543)
Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah Wali (1543–1550)
Subhan Quli Qutb Shah Wali (1550)
Ibrahim Quli Qutb ShahWali (1550–1580)
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah Wali (1580–1612)
Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah Wali(1612–1626)
Abdullah Qutb Shah Wali (1626–1672)
Abul Hasan Qutb Shah Wali(1672–1689)