Bamangachi

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Outline of the geological and cultural evolution of Bamangachi

Bamangachhi is one of the ancient towns of North 24 Parganas district. Barasat-1 block. Although this village is a village under Chhotojagulia Gram Panchayat, in reality it is a census town. The region has been repeatedly neglected in the cultural and geographical context of Bengal as the history and continuity of the geological and cultural evolution of this ancient settlement has been neglected by the geographers and historians.

‘Census Town’: Areas that have the following three characteristics are called census towns.
i) More than 5000 people.
ii) Density of 400 people / sq km.
iii) 275% non-agricultural male population.

The area called Gangaridi, mentioned in the Greek geographic Ptolemy's Treatise on Geography in the 2nd century AD, was located in the east-central part of the southwestern part of the region, which was not a settlement at that time. Located on the outskirts of the northern suburbs of the city of Calcutta, this region is covered with a thick layer of silt, the lower part of which is lined with Pliocene, Mycenaean, Oligocene and Yesin-era rock layers, respectively. Research by the Geological Survey of India (see Memoir Vol-29, 1899, Vol-30, 1908, Vol-73, 1939, Vol-97, 1969) reveals that a 'Hinge deviation' was observed at a depth of about 4500 meters, not far from this region. Exists, which originated in the Tertiary era. The area is not prone to earthquakes due to its deep silt coating, despite the presence of the Hinj Chutirekha and the Dauki Chutirekha near Bamangachi.
However, if an earthquake occurs along a 90 ° east longitude, these defects will be activated and a massive earthquake can be organized in the region. Geologists speculate.
Overall, the North 24 Parganas district can be divided into three parts - namely - (1) Ichhamati Rayamangal Plain, (2) North Vidyadhari Plain, (3) Hughli Basin.

The north is located between the eastern Ichhamati-Rayamangal plain and the western Hooghly basin Bamangachi in the Sunti river basin of the Vidyadhari plain is actually a flood plain. Santi's previous name was 'Subarnavati' - which originated from an abandoned horse-shaped lake of Bhagirathi at Haringhata in Nadia district and merged into Vidyadhari via Jagulia, Bamangachhi, Rajarhat and Kharibari. To the east of Punti, Nengagang, originating from 'Barga Beel' of Haringhata, merges with Vidyadhari, and to the south-west of Noai Smriti, originating from 'Bariti Beel' near Barrackpore, Titagarh, Panihati-New Barrackpore-Madhyamgram, which is named Hareya Canal near Hareya. 'Lavanyavati'. Among the river systems between Ichhamati in the east and Bhagirathi in the west, the landscaping of the adjoining area including Bamangachi has evolved through the process of evolution and deposition of Punti, Naiyo and Nongagang, but now there are three rivers Has become. As a result, it is difficult to realize the existence of a wide river of beads flowing over the dwarf tree. However, the Bamangachhi formed on the floodplain of the Sunti river carries the characteristics of the wetlands of the region. Initially, this form was formed through geo-evolution.

The cultural evolution of the region dates back to the sixteenth century. Originally a beetle, Beatle was dominated by Portuguese pirates. Portuguese pirates used to hide in this rare area of Bamangachi. In 1600, Pratapaditya, one of the Bhuiyan Maharaja of Bengal, built a road from Yasha to Calcutta, which stretched over a dwarf tree. He took various measures to resist the pirates and one of his naval commanders Shankar Chakraborty settled at Dakshinpara of Barasat. Pratapaditya's naval base was established at the junction of Yasha's Raad and Smriti, later known as 'Jagadighata' (see details of the naming later). Attempts by Shankar Chakraborty and his army to oust the Portuguese pirates from the Bamangachhi region and a group of Brahmins settled there. Later, when the defeated Shankar Chakraborty was imprisoned near Mansingh, some more Brahmins from Dakshinpara took refuge in a relatively inaccessible dwarf tree for security reasons. It is said that the region was known as Bamangachhi (Brahmin-Dwarf) due to the large number of Brahmins who settled in the area. There is a common rumor among the locals that a new Brahmin settlement was established at Bamangachi for the purpose of residing in Bainagachi, the widow of King Krishnachandra - as evidenced by the fact that many of the patriarchal and maternal tribes of the local Brahmins now live in Krishnanagar and some local Brahmin families Although there is evidence of the region's connection with Krishnachandra, this information is not found in any written document. Many of the local people believe that Bamangachi was established as a Brahmin settlement in this way. The name originated. However, whatever the prevailing doctrine, it is indisputable that the Brahmins started the original settlement in this region. But in such a dwarf tree the present demographic pattern is as follows:

Table-1: Religious distribution of population
Hindu Muslim Christian Jain Unknown
Men 2854 607 6 1 -
Women 2751 597 7 - 2
Total 5605 1203 13 1 2
Source : Census of India, 2011

Table-2: Ethnic / Caste wise distribution of population
General caste S.C. S.T. Children
Men 2830 632 6 279
Women 2732 617 7 278
Total 5562 1249 13 557
Source : Census of India, 2011

Then the question is, how is this gathering of people of other sects of Hinduism including Muslims and other religions in Bamangachi?
In the sixteenth century, Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti's disciple Ekdil Shah started living on the banks of the river Sunti for the purpose of propagating Islam. Kazipara settlement was formed with his followers. The Muslim settlements spread with the sympathetic mind of Ekdil Shah and some Muslim settlements also developed in the Bamangachhi area. Non-Brahmin mansapujari or aulia inhabitants of Chhotojagulia (seeing the old dead aulia and the dead Cobra together, the indigenous aulia community, i.e. the old aulia devotees, come together and shout 'jago go aulia') On 20th December 1757, Mir Jafar Clive was given 24 Parganas as dowry in 1764. The East India Company got the administrative responsibility of 24 parganas. In 1769 John Princep started indigo cultivation in the adjoining areas including Barasat, Kazipara, Bamangachhi, a ganj or bazaar was established on the banks of the river Punti where indigo was bought and sold. From then on, the area became known as Nilganj. During this time some Vaishyas and Shudras (according to the conventional view) of the community started living in Bamangachi centered on Lake farming and business. In 1900, 12 members of the family of Manikchand merchant Jagat Seth settled in Barasat from which the name Baraset originated. Baraset 'evolved into Barasat. The former Pratapaditya naval base was used to conduct Jagat Seth's trade - which is named after him. Jagatsheth's ghat and evolved into 'Jagadighata'. Dumdum Khulna Railway was established in 1882- 1884 which extends over Bamangachhi. As a result, the place became a more familiar name than other places.
After the partition of the country in 1947, the Bamangachhi settlement between Yasher Road and the railway became one of the refuge for the refugees. With the pain of partition in mind, they joined hands with the locals in the development of Bamangachi. On February 28, 1954, Dr. Pulin Bihari Bhattacharya established a primary school in memory of his only son, the late Volanath. Subsequently, on 15th July 1959, Bamangachhi Primary School was upgraded to Higher Primary School and to Secondary and Higher Secondary School respectively. Over time, education spread in the area. At present the educational image of the dwarf is as follows:
• Literacy rate among the people - 88.62%.
• Female literacy rate is 85.09%.
• Male literacy rate - 92.04%
The Bamangachhi area became more significant on the transport map when the rail link system of Barasat Asheknagar branch was connected by electricity mainly in 1963-64. In the meantime, with the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, there was a resurgence of refugees, which also affected the dwarfs. During this time the population growth rate of Bamangachi is 48.21 percent and the decadal growth rate of Scheduled Castes is 38.21 percent. In this way a mixture of different tribes occurs in this region. At present Bamangachi is one of the great meeting places of cultural unity of different religions, different races, different castes. But the traditional Sunti River, or 'Subarnavati' of this traditional region, is fading away today and is about to become a story in the pages of history. Thus, in the future, the glorious cultural heritage of Hayek Bamangachhi, described in new colors.

Bamangachi at a Glance
• J. L. no-97
• Latitude -22° 44' 56.42" North
• Longitude – 88° 30' 28.02" East.
• Average altitude from sea level - 9 meters.
• Area - 135.99 hectares (1.36 sq km)
• The total population is 6824 people.
• Male population = 3468 persons
• Female population - 3856 persons
• Children under the age of 6 years - 557 people.
• Gender ratio: 968 females per thousand males.
• Gender ratio of children: 996 girls per thousand boys.
• Population density is 5000 people per sq km.
• Educated population - 5554 (88.62%)
• Literacy rate among the males - 92.04%
• Literacy rate among the women is 85.09%

Acknowledgments:
Ramakrishna Sen (Assistant Teacher - Bamangachhi Volanath High School (H.S))

Database:
1. Basu, Ashok Kumar (2002): West Bengal Rivers, Mitra and Grass Publishers.
2. Rudra, Kalyan (2008): Rivers of Bengal, Sahitya Sangsad.
3. Chatterjee, Shishir (2011): Geographical Identity of West Bengal, ACB Publications Kolkata.
4. L.S.S. O'Malley (2009), Bengal District Gazetteers, 24 Parganas.
5. Barau, Saurabh: Barasat in History - https://www.barasatonline.com
6. Haq, Jafrul: Bangla Pir - https://www.bongodarshon.com
7. https://m.facebook.com> permalink.
8. Census of India, 2011

Outline of the geological and cultural evolution of Bamangachi

Bamangachhi is one of the ancient towns of North 24 Parganas district. Barasat-1 block. Although this village is a village under Chhotojagulia Gram Panchayat, in reality it is a census town. The region has been repeatedly neglected in the cultural and geographical context of Bengal as the history and continuity of the geological and cultural evolution of this ancient settlement has been neglected by the geographers and historians.

‘Census Town’: Areas that have the following three characteristics are called census towns.
i) More than 5000 people.
ii) Density of 400 people / sq km.
iii) 275% non-agricultural male population.

The area called Gangaridi, mentioned in the Greek geographic Ptolemy's Treatise on Geography in the 2nd century AD, was located in the east-central part of the southwestern part of the region, which was not a settlement at that time. Located on the outskirts of the northern suburbs of the city of Calcutta, this region is covered with a thick layer of silt, the lower part of which is lined with Pliocene, Mycenaean, Oligocene and Yesin-era rock layers, respectively. Research by the Geological Survey of India (see Memoir Vol-29, 1899, Vol-30, 1908, Vol-73, 1939, Vol-97, 1969) reveals that a 'Hinge deviation' was observed at a depth of about 4500 meters, not far from this region. Exists, which originated in the Tertiary era. The area is not prone to earthquakes due to its deep silt coating, despite the presence of the Hinj Chutirekha and the Dauki Chutirekha near Bamangachi.
However, if an earthquake occurs along a 90 ° east longitude, these defects will be activated and a massive earthquake can be organized in the region. Geologists speculate.
Overall, the North 24 Parganas district can be divided into three parts - namely - (1) Ichhamati Rayamangal Plain, (2) North Vidyadhari Plain, (3) Hughli Basin.

The north is located between the eastern Ichhamati-Rayamangal plain and the western Hooghly basin Bamangachi in the Sunti river basin of the Vidyadhari plain is actually a flood plain. Santi's previous name was 'Subarnavati' - which originated from an abandoned horse-shaped lake of Bhagirathi at Haringhata in Nadia district and merged into Vidyadhari via Jagulia, Bamangachhi, Rajarhat and Kharibari. To the east of Punti, Nengagang, originating from 'Barga Beel' of Haringhata, merges with Vidyadhari, and to the south-west of Noai Smriti, originating from 'Bariti Beel' near Barrackpore, Titagarh, Panihati-New Barrackpore-Madhyamgram, which is named Hareya Canal near Hareya. 'Lavanyavati'. Among the river systems between Ichhamati in the east and Bhagirathi in the west, the landscaping of the adjoining area including Bamangachi has evolved through the process of evolution and deposition of Punti, Naiyo and Nongagang, but now there are three rivers Has become. As a result, it is difficult to realize the existence of a wide river of beads flowing over the dwarf tree. However, the Bamangachhi formed on the floodplain of the Sunti river carries the characteristics of the wetlands of the region. Initially, this form was formed through geo-evolution.

The cultural evolution of the region dates back to the sixteenth century. Originally a beetle, Beatle was dominated by Portuguese pirates. Portuguese pirates used to hide in this rare area of Bamangachi. In 1600, Pratapaditya, one of the Bhuiyan Maharaja of Bengal, built a road from Yasha to Calcutta, which stretched over a dwarf tree. He took various measures to resist the pirates and one of his naval commanders Shankar Chakraborty settled at Dakshinpara of Barasat. Pratapaditya's naval base was established at the junction of Yasha's Raad and Smriti, later known as 'Jagadighata' (see details of the naming later). Attempts by Shankar Chakraborty and his army to oust the Portuguese pirates from the Bamangachhi region and a group of Brahmins settled there. Later, when the defeated Shankar Chakraborty was imprisoned near Mansingh, some more Brahmins from Dakshinpara took refuge in a relatively inaccessible dwarf tree for security reasons. It is said that the region was known as Bamangachhi (Brahmin-Dwarf) due to the large number of Brahmins who settled in the area. There is a common rumor among the locals that a new Brahmin settlement was established at Bamangachi for the purpose of residing in Bainagachi, the widow of King Krishnachandra - as evidenced by the fact that many of the patriarchal and maternal tribes of the local Brahmins now live in Krishnanagar and some local Brahmin families Although there is evidence of the region's connection with Krishnachandra, this information is not found in any written document. Many of the local people believe that Bamangachi was established as a Brahmin settlement in this way. The name originated. However, whatever the prevailing doctrine, it is indisputable that the Brahmins started the original settlement in this region. But in such a dwarf tree the present demographic pattern is as follows:

Table-1: Religious distribution of population
Hindu Muslim Christian Jain Unknown
Men 2854 607 6 1 -
Women 2751 597 7 - 2
Total 5605 1203 13 1 2
Source : Census of India, 2011

Table-2: Ethnic / Caste wise distribution of population
General caste S.C. S.T. Children
Men 2830 632 6 279
Women 2732 617 7 278
Total 5562 1249 13 557
Source : Census of India, 2011

Then the question is, how is this gathering of people of other sects of Hinduism including Muslims and other religions in Bamangachi?
In the sixteenth century, Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti's disciple Ekdil Shah started living on the banks of the river Sunti for the purpose of propagating Islam. Kazipara settlement was formed with his followers. The Muslim settlements spread with the sympathetic mind of Ekdil Shah and some Muslim settlements also developed in the Bamangachhi area. Non-Brahmin mansapujari or aulia inhabitants of Chhotojagulia (seeing the old dead aulia and the dead Cobra together, the indigenous aulia community, i.e. the old aulia devotees, come together and shout 'jago go aulia') On 20th December 1757, Mir Jafar Clive was given 24 Parganas as dowry in 1764. The East India Company got the administrative responsibility of 24 parganas. In 1769 John Princep started indigo cultivation in the adjoining areas including Barasat, Kazipara, Bamangachhi, a ganj or bazaar was established on the banks of the river Punti where indigo was bought and sold. From then on, the area became known as Nilganj. During this time some Vaishyas and Shudras (according to the conventional view) of the community started living in Bamangachi centered on Lake farming and business. In 1900, 12 members of the family of Manikchand merchant Jagat Seth settled in Barasat from which the name Baraset originated. Baraset 'evolved into Barasat. The former Pratapaditya naval base was used to conduct Jagat Seth's trade - which is named after him. Jagatsheth's ghat and evolved into 'Jagadighata'. Dumdum Khulna Railway was established in 1882- 1884 which extends over Bamangachhi. As a result, the place became a more familiar name than other places.
After the partition of the country in 1947, the Bamangachhi settlement between Yasher Road and the railway became one of the refuge for the refugees. With the pain of partition in mind, they joined hands with the locals in the development of Bamangachi. On February 28, 1954, Dr. Pulin Bihari Bhattacharya established a primary school in memory of his only son, the late Volanath. Subsequently, on 15th July 1959, Bamangachhi Primary School was upgraded to Higher Primary School and to Secondary and Higher Secondary School respectively. Over time, education spread in the area. At present the educational image of the dwarf is as follows:
• Literacy rate among the people - 88.62%.
• Female literacy rate is 85.09%.
• Male literacy rate - 92.04%
The Bamangachhi area became more significant on the transport map when the rail link system of Barasat Asheknagar branch was connected by electricity mainly in 1963-64. In the meantime, with the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, there was a resurgence of refugees, which also affected the dwarfs. During this time the population growth rate of Bamangachi is 48.21 percent and the decadal growth rate of Scheduled Castes is 38.21 percent. In this way a mixture of different tribes occurs in this region. At present Bamangachi is one of the great meeting places of cultural unity of different religions, different races, different castes. But the traditional Sunti River, or 'Subarnavati' of this traditional region, is fading away today and is about to become a story in the pages of history. Thus, in the future, the glorious cultural heritage of Hayek Bamangachhi, described in new colors.

Bamangachi at a Glance
• J. L. no-97
• Latitude -22° 44' 56.42" North
• Longitude – 88° 30' 28.02" East.
• Average altitude from sea level - 9 meters.
• Area - 135.99 hectares (1.36 sq km)
• The total population is 6824 people.
• Male population = 3468 persons
• Female population - 3856 persons
• Children under the age of 6 years - 557 people.
• Gender ratio: 968 females per thousand males.
• Gender ratio of children: 996 girls per thousand boys.
• Population density is 5000 people per sq km.
• Educated population - 5554 (88.62%)
• Literacy rate among the males - 92.04%
• Literacy rate among the women is 85.09%

Acknowledgments:
Ramakrishna Sen (Assistant Teacher - Bamangachhi Volanath High School (H.S))

Database:
1. Basu, Ashok Kumar (2002): West Bengal Rivers, Mitra and Grass Publishers.
2. Rudra, Kalyan (2008): Rivers of Bengal, Sahitya Sangsad.
3. Chatterjee, Shishir (2011): Geographical Identity of West Bengal, ACB Publications Kolkata.
4. L.S.S. O'Malley (2009), Bengal District Gazetteers, 24 Parganas.
5. Barau, Saurabh: Barasat in History - https://www.barasatonline.com
6. Haq, Jafrul: Bangla Pir - https://www.bongodarshon.com
7. https://m.facebook.com> permalink.
8. Census of India, 2011

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