07/03/2023
𝐑𝐄𝐆𝐀𝐑𝐃𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐒𝐇𝐀𝐁 𝐄 𝐁𝐀𝐑𝐀𝐓 ( 𝐍𝐈𝐆𝐇𝐓 𝐎𝐅 𝐌𝐈𝐃𝐃𝐋𝐄 𝐒𝐇𝐀'𝐁𝐀𝐍 )
A MAWDU ( FABRICATED ) HADITH WHICH SPEAKS ABOUT IT
Sunan Ibn Majah 1388
It was narrated that ‘Ali bin Abu Talib said:
“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘When it is the night of the middle of Sha’ban, spend its night in prayer and observe a fast on that day. For Allah descends at sunset on that night to the lowest heaven and says: ‘Is there no one who will ask Me for forgiveness, that I may forgive him? Is there no one who will ask Me for provision, that I may provide for him? Is there no one who is afflicted by trouble, that I may relieve him?’ And so on, until dawn comes.’”
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَلاَّلُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَنْبَأَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ " إِذَا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَقُومُوا لَيْلَهَا وَصُومُوا يَوْمَهَا . فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَنْزِلُ فِيهَا لِغُرُوبِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَى سَمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فَيَقُولُ أَلاَ مِنْ مُسْتَغْفِرٍ فَأَغْفِرَ لَهُ أَلاَ مُسْتَرْزِقٌ فَأَرْزُقَهُ أَلاَ مُبْتَلًى فَأُعَافِيَهُ أَلاَ كَذَا أَلاَ كَذَا حَتَّى يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ " .
👉🏻Grade: Maudu’ (Darussalam) 👈🏻
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1388
In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 586
English translation : Vol. 1, Book 5, Hadith 1388
TAKHREEJ :-
تخريج : إسناده موضوع أخرجه المزي في تهذيب الكمال : (۳۳/ ۱۰۷ ترجمة ابن أبي
سبرة) من حديث الحسن بن علي به، وقال البوصيري : إسناده ضعيف لضعف ابن أبي سبرة واسمه
أبوبكر بن عبدالله بن محمد أبي سبرة، قال فيه أحمد بن حنبل وابن معين يضع الحديث ، وضعفه
ابن رجب في لطائف المعارف * إبراهيم بن محمد لا يعرف ولعله ابن أبي يحيى (متروك) راجع
التهذيب وغيره .
Its chain of transmission is fabricated, which was included by Al-Mazi in Tahdheeb Al-Kamal: (107/33, translated by Ibn Abi). Sabrah) from the hadith of Al-Hassan bin Ali with it, and Al-Busiri said: Its chain of transmission is weak due to the weakness of Ibn Abi Sabrah and his name Abu Bakr bin Abdullah bin Muhammad Abi Sabra, Ahmad bin Hanbal and Ibn Maeen said that he fabricates the hadith, and he is weak Ibn Rajab in Lataif al-Ma’arif * Ibrahim bin Muhammad is not known, and perhaps he is Ibn Abi Yahya (Matrouk), see ATahzeeb and others.
OTHER SCHOLARS OF HADITH :-
A number of scholars ruled that the reports concerning that were false, such as Ibn al-Jawzi in his book al-Mawdu’at, 2/440-445; Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah in al-Manar al-Munif, no. 174- 177; Abu Shamah al-Shaafi’i in al-Ba’ith ‘ala Inkar al-Bida’ wa’l-Hawadith, 124-137; al-'Iraqi in Takhrij Ihya ‘Uloom il-Din, no. 582. Shaykh al-Islam [Ibn Taymiyah] narrated that there was consensus on the fact that they are false, in Majmu’ al-Fatawa, 28/138.
AUTHENTIC HADITH REGARDING EVERY NIGHT NOT ONLY FOR 15 SHABAN NIGHT .
Sahih Muslim 758 a
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:
Our Lord, the Blessed and the Exalted, descends every night to the lowest heaven when one-third of the latter part of the night is left, and says: Who supplicates Me so that I may answer him? Who asks Me so that I may give to him? Who asks Me forgiveness so that I may forgive him?
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الأَغَرِّ، وَعَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " يَنْزِلُ رَبُّنَا تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا حِينَ يَبْقَى ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ الآخِرُ فَيَقُولُ مَنْ يَدْعُونِي فَأَسْتَجِيبَ لَهُ وَمَنْ يَسْأَلُنِي فَأُعْطِيَهُ وَمَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُنِي فَأَغْفِرَ لَهُ " .
Reference : Sahih Muslim 758a
In-book reference : Book 6, Hadith 201
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 4, Hadith 1656
AUTHENTIC SCHOLARS VIEW :-
A. Shaykh ul islam ibn tahmiyyah Rahimahullah said :-
As for fasting specifically on the fifteenth of shaban , then this is baseless .
Reference :- Iqtida al sirat al Mustaqim page no. 302.
B. fasting the 15th of Sha’baan or specifying it with reciting (the Qur.aan) or making (particular) supplications has no basis. So the day of the 15th of Sha’baan is like any other 15th day of other months. So from that which is known is that it has been legislated for a person to fast the 13th, 14th and 15th of every month, however, Sha’baan is characterised unlike the other months in that (except for Ramadhaan) the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam) used to fast more in Sha’baan than any other month . So he used to either fast all of Sha’baan or just a little. Therefore, as long as it does not cause difficulty for a person, it is befitting to increase in fasting during Sha’baan in adherence to the example of the Prophet (sal-Allaahu `alayhe wa sallam).
Reference :- Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen
al-Bid’u wal-Muhdathaat wa maa laa Asla lahu – Page 612
Fataawa Shaykh Muhammad Ibn Saalih al-‘Uthaymeen – Volume 1, Page 190
C. Shaykh ibn Qayyim al jawziyyah Rahimahullah speak about 15 Shaban Night :-
No hadith regarding ( the virtues of ibaadaat ) in it are authentic .
Reference :- Al Manaar al maneef by ibn Qayyim , page no. 99.
CONCLUSION :-
All the hadiths which speak about virtues of special ibadaah on shab e barat ( 15 shaban night ) are fabricated . Nor fasting specially after that night is proved . Yes one can do normally voluntary fasting in shaban just like he doing it for any other day in shabaan .
Sunan an-Nasa'i 2354
It was narrated that 'Aishah said:
"The Messenger of Allah did not fast any month more than Shaban; he used to fast (all of) it, or most of it."
أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَمِّي، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ لَمْ يَكُنْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِشَهْرٍ أَكْثَرَ صِيَامًا مِنْهُ لِشَعْبَانَ كَانَ يَصُومُهُ أَوْ عَامَّتَهُ .
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 2354
In-book reference : Book 22, Hadith 265
English translation : Vol. 3, Book 22, Hadith 2356
24/02/2022