20/10/2026
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Meet the African Umbrella Tree and also known as Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne is a thorny legume tree, usually about 4-8 meters high, but it can reach 20 meters . The crown is dense, umbrella-like and flat-topped. Leaves are compound and the leaflets (6-22 pairs) are very small (1-4 mm long x 0.6-1 mm broad), glabrous to pubescent. Flowers are white, cream or yellow, and highly aromatic. Fruit is a characteristic twisted browny pod, hence the epithet โtortilisโ (Ecoport, 2009; Ecocrop, 2009). Pods and leaves are used as a fodder. Fruits are more nutritious if ground. Trees can survive heavy browsing. Acacia tortilis pods are also used as a famine food in eastern Africa.
๐ฒThe umbrella thorn is native to arid and semi-arid areas of Africa and the Middle-East (Arabian Peninsula and Israel). It is found between 15 and 30ยฐN and between sea level and an altitude of 1000 m (Ecocrop, 2009). It grows well on alkaline sandy or rocky soils. It is tolerant to severe drought due to its deep taproot system. It is a phreatophyte, relying on aquifers as deep as 40-50 m (FAO, 2009). It tolerates strong salinity and seasonal waterlogging. It withstands wide temperature variations (0ยฐC to 50ยฐC) (Orwa et al., 2009
Fun Facts ๐ฟ :
Acacia tortilis is an N fixing species and thus a soil improver. It is used in erosion control since it is able to grow quickly and stabilize shifting sand dunes or hillslopes. It is used to make shelterbelts in India. It is also an afforestation species (FAO, 1985). However, introducing the tree to more humid areas, where grazing and firewood are in adequate supply, is not recommended, as it can grow out of control and become a nuisance (Ecocrop, 2009).
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Source : Feedipedia
https://www.feedipedia.org/node/339