16/03/2023
eye disease
(Academic post )
Thyroid eye disease affects between 25-50% of patients with Graves' disease.
✅it is thought to be caused by an autoimmune response against an autoantigen, possibly the TSH receptor → retro-orbital inflammation
✅the inflammation results in glycosaminoglycan and collagen deposition in the muscles
Prevention
✅ smoking is the most important modifiable risk factor for the development of thyroid eye disease
✅ radioiodine treatment may increase the inflammatory symptoms seen in thyroid eye disease. In a recent study of patients with Graves' disease around 15% developed, or had worsening of, eye disease. Prednisolone may help reduce the risk
✅ the patient may be eu-, hypo- or hyperthyroid at the time of presentation
✅ exophthalmos
✅ conjunctival oedema
✅ optic disc swelling
✅ ophthalmoplegia
✅ inability to close the eyelids may lead to sore, dry eyes. If severe and untreated patients can be
at risk of exposure keratopathy
✅ topical lubricants may be needed to help prevent corneal inflammation caused by exposure ✅
steroids
✅ radiotherapy
✅ surgery
Monitoring patients with established thyroid eye disease
For patients with established thyroid eye disease the following symptoms/signs should indicate the need for urgent review by an ophthalmologist
✅ unexplained deterioration in vision
✅ awareness of change in intensity or quality of colour vision in one or both eyes
✅ history of eye suddenly 'popping out' (globe subluxation)
✅ obvious corneal opacity
✅ cornea still visible when the eyelids are closed
✅ disc swelling
15/03/2023
Ano ang hyperthyroidism?
Mga pagkaing mayaman sa yodo. Ito ang unang grupo ng pagkain na dapat bigyang pansin pagdating sa hyperthyroidism. ...
Mga pagkaing may mataas na nilalaman ng asukal. ...
Mga "masamang" taba
Ang kape ...
alak. ...
Full cream na gatas...
15/03/2023
Narito ang mga pagkain na dapat limitahan ng mga pasyenteng may benign thyroid tumor upang suportahan ang epektibong paggamot sa sakit:
1 Mga produktong soybean. ...
2 Mga naprosesong pagkain. ...
3 Mga organo ng hayop. ...
4 Mga pagkaing naglalaman ng gluten. ...
5 Asukal at mga pampatamis. ...
6 Mga pampasigla. ...
7 Cruciferous na gulay. ...
8 Mga paghahanda na naglalaman ng calcium...
14/03/2023
Thyroid function is very much determined by our micronutrient levels and our digestive health. Did you know that one of the best ways to support a healthy thyroid and overall well-being is with an optimal nutrition plan?
Thyroid function and its metabolic roles are reliant on nutrient feedback signals. Without specific nutrients, there is a lack of expression from a variety of physiological activities that ultimately cause a decline in total health.
Supporting thyroid function is essential for promoting metabolism and aiding normal growth and neurological development. When thyroid health suffers, the ability of the whole body to maintain homeostasis is thrown off balance.
The thyroid gland communicates with the adrenal, pituitary, and hypothalamus glands as well as the kidneys, liver and skeletal muscle. When thyroid function is sub-optimal, hundreds of enzymatic processes are disturbed in the body.
Hypothyroidism is characterized by:
Slow resting energy expenditure (reduced ability to burn fat)
Elevated cholesterol levels
Increased fat storage
Reduced energy breakdown for the brain
Weight gain
Oxidative stress increases under conditions of nutrient deficiency and further triggers a problem in metabolic pathways. Deficiencies in the following nutrients can manifest in the body in several ways. Some of these include:
Mood disturbances, fatigue and poor cognitive thought (Vitamin B6, tyrosine, omega-3 and/or selenium deficiency)
Hair changes including brittleness, loss of pigment or alopecia. Can also affect eyebrows, eyelashes, and nails (Zinc deficiency)
Irritability, depression, and skin rashes (Zinc, iodine and/or vitamin B12 deficiency)
Anemia (Vitamin B6, B12, and/or iron)
Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) (Vitamin A deficiency)
Gastrointestinal complications like constipation, impaired fertility and sexual reproductive health, numbness and/or sharp pains in extremities resulting from nerve damage (Vitamin B12 and/or omega-3s)
Elevated cholesterol levels (Omega-3 fatty acids)
Weakened immunity (Vitamin C, D, selenium and/or zinc deficiency)
14/03/2023