09/18/2026
Soooo this is going to be a long one, but bear with me, because it’s important. Let’s clear something up because this “poisoning vs. overdose” debate has been making the rounds a LOT lately, esp among parent-led groups after the untimely passing of actress Hayden Panettiere….
I keep seeing more people in advocacy circles pushing for the term “drug poisoning” instead of “overdose.” & I honestly understand WHY. The illicit/blackmarket supply is a f’ing mess, after all🤷🏼♀️
People can take something believing it’s he**in, co***ne, a pill, whatever, & it turns out to have or just be illegal fent, Xylazine (tranq), medetomidine (the newer sedative that’s taking over for Xylazine, sadly. While it’s not known to give wounds like tranq, it’s WD is extremely bad, with symptoms like EXTREMELY high BP, anxiety, amongst many other symptoms- leading many into ER’s, who have no standardized treatment for it. Some addiction professionals still argue that these sedatives don’t have their own WD still, making the situation even more difficult & chaotic), nitazenes, analogs, benzos & their analogues, -caines, precursors of illegal fent, or other substances in it that they didn’t know were there. That’s not even including (the ✨usually✨ benign) bulking agents.
So I completely understand the argument that “poisoning” emphasizes that someone may have been exposed to something they never intended to take.
But personally & professionally? I’m still gonna say OD. BBHR is gonna keep using the term overdose. & we’re going to promote the use of “overdose,” still too.
Why is it a big deal, you may ask?
1️⃣ “OVERDOSE” IMMEDIATELY TELLS PEOPLE WHAT TO DO & WHAT’S NEEDED: If somebody says, “I think they’re OD’ing,” majority of people, & esp medical professionals, who have had ANY overdose education know what comes next:
NARCAN. CALL 911. CHECK THEIR BREATHING. RESCUE BREATHING/CPR WHEN APPROPRIATE (which is usually always now adays with the sedatives - Xylazine & medetimine)
& Finally? DON’T LEAVE THEM ALONE UNTIL HELP ARRIVES.
That word has been drilled into people for decades. & this isn’t just advocacy language. The CDC literally defines overdose as an injury to the body that happens when a drug is taken in excessive amounts.
CDC’s current OD-prevention guidance tells people that if they’re not sure whether someone is OD’ing, that to just assume & treat it like an OD, give naloxone if available, call 911, & keep the person breathing with rescue breathes until help arrives.
SAMHSA calls it opioid OD & gives the same emergency response: call 911, support breathing/CPR when needed, & administer naloxone or nalmefene. (Though we at BBHR NEVER promote or recommend using nalmefene- UNLESS it’s all you have OR the person being treated is NOT opioid dependent, so they won’t be thrown into an extremely bad case of precip withdrawal. It’s why you want to use the least amount of naloxone, known by brand name Narcan, as possible to restore breathing. Too much naloxone or just nalmefene, known by brand name Opvee, will throw somebody that’s opioid dependent into a bad case of withdrawal, called “precip withdrawal,” in these cases. It’s withdrawal x10 basically, as these medications work to make the opioid receptors “not sticky,” basically- forcing the opioids off the receptors in your brain instantly, therefore putting you into precip withdrawal…. Unless you’re not physically dependent on opioids, it’s not pleasant…. But better to be alive.
WHO does too. Their current opioid-overdose guidance specifically uses the term opioid overdose, identifies slowed/difficult breathing as a key sign, & recommends naloxone & basic life support.
So sorrry but NO, “overdose” isn’t some outdated or medically incorrect word. It is still very much the language being used by major public health organizations.
2️⃣ I DON’T WANT TO CREATE A “GOOD VICTIM vs. BAD VICTIM” THING: This is probably THE part that bothers me the most. Because I’ve seen the argument become: “They were poisoned because they didn’t know fentanyl was in it.”
Okay. That maybe true, & it’s sad, 100%. But what about the person who DID know they were using fentanyl? They’re not less than. What about somebody who intentionally uses he**in? Or somebody with an opioid use disorder who knows exactly what they’re taking?
Do they somehow deserve less compassion if they experience an overdose? Absolutely f’ing not.
Harm reduction doesn’t get to become: “This person didn’t mean to take fentanyl, so THIS overdose is tragic.”
while somebody else gets: “Well, they knew what they were doing.” Sorry, but NOPE! I don’t GAF if somebody knew exactly what was in the bag🤷🏼♀️ They are still a human being who deserves to f’ing live. The CDC itself talks about stigma as a barrier to people getting healthcare & treatment, & specifically recommends reducing stigma around substance use disorders.
THAT is the language fight I care about. Not whether somebody uses the word OD or poisoning.
3️⃣ “POISONING” DOESN’T AUTOMATICALLY MAKE LANGUAGE NON-STIGMATIZING: We can call something poisoning & STILL judge the person who intentionally used a substance. We can call something an overdose & STILL talk about it in a completely non-stigmatizing way. The stigma isn’t magically contained in one word. It’s in how we’re talking about the PERSON.
“Addict.” “Junkie.” “Drug abuser.” “Drug seeker.” “Dirty.” “They did it to themselves.” THAT is the BS that I want gone…
4️⃣ OVERDOSE IS A MEDICAL REALITY, NOT A MORAL JUDGMENT: An OD doesn’t tell me whether someone was a “good” substance user or a “bad” substance user: It doesn’t tell me whether they were trying to get high. It doesn’t tell me whether they knew what was in the drug. It doesn’t tell me if they were in severe pain & not being treated properly, so had to turn to the streets. It doesn’t tell me whether they have a substance use disorder. It tells me their body is having a potentially life-threatening reaction to a substance or combination of substances. & when opioids are involved, we’re talking about respiratory depression & of course, at its worst, potentially ☠️.
The WHO specifically describes opioid overdose in terms of unconsciousness, pinpoint pupils & difficulty breathing, & says timely naloxone & basic life support can prevent death.
That’s pretty straightforward to me🤷🏼♀️
5️⃣ “OVERDOSE” CONNECTS PEOPLE TO THE TOOLS THAT KEEP THEM ALIVE: Overdose prevention. Overdose response. Overdose education. Naloxone. Rescue breathing. Overdose Awareness Day. Overdose prevention sites. Overdose data.
The entire public-health infrastructure already exists around this terminology. & we’re not just talking about the federal government here. WHO has been publishing guidance specifically on community management of opioid overdose & recommends getting naloxone into the hands of people who are likely to witness one.
So when somebody says “they OD’d,” we all know exactly what we’re talking about. More importantly, I know what I want the person standing next to them to do.
I’m not mad at anybody who prefers “poisoning.” Unless of course they do think their lived one was “better,” because they weren’t x, y, z…. & yes, sadly I’ve seen that many times. If you use that term because you want to emphasize an unpredictable chaotic drug supply & remove blame from the person who was exposed to something they didn’t knowingly take, I understand the reasoning.
I’m just not personally switching & for switching for the entire field. Because I don’t believe we need to change OD to make it non-stigmatizing. We need to change the way we talk about the people experiencing them. & I REALLY don’t want us creating a situation where someone who knowingly used a substance is somehow viewed as less worthy of saving than someone who unknowingly consumed something contaminated. Because it shouldn’t matter regardless.
Harm reduction means ALL of them. The person who uses occasionally. The person who uses every day. The person who knows exactly what’s in their supply. The person who has absolutely no idea what’s in it. The person trying to stop. The person not ready to stop. The person in recovery. The person who relapses. ALL 👏 OF 👏 THEM 👏
Nobody has to prove they deserve Narcan. Nobody has to prove they made the “right” choice. Nobody has to be an accidental victim. If they’re overdosing, we save them. Period.
So yeah, you can call it poisoning, I guess.
But I’m gonna call it an OD. Either way, GET & USE NARCAN, IF YOU NEED TO❤️
For those still out there, please- Test your supply when you can. Don’t use alone when possible. Never Use Alone hotline is available, & WILL call for help if needed- completely private, too! Great & caring people. Carry Narcan, or 2, 5, 10, etc.. Can never have enough. Have a plan. Check on your people❤️
Arguing about terminology isn’t gonna bring somebody’s breathing back. Narcan might.(Unless you fall under #2, & feel your loved one was better - then sorry not sorry🖕🏻🤷🏼♀️)
❤️ Erica with Bay Bridge Harm Reduction
Sources I Used in Comments