09/23/2026
Access and functional needs (AFN) refers to individuals who are or have:
Physical, developmental, or intellectual disabilities
Chronic conditions or injuries
Limited English proficiency
Older adults
Children
Low income, homeless, and/or transportation disadvantaged (i.e., dependent on public transit)
Pregnancy
But this list is not inclusive to all the people who may need resources for access and functional needs. Consider if you wear hearing aids you may need resources to help you hear as you communicate with a shelter worker. If you wear glasses or contacts those tools are able to make you see better and if you didn't have either of those you would need help in one way or another. If you broke your foot yesterday while going down some stairs you may need help in navigating a Multi-Agency Resource Center after a major disaster.
These are just some of the few questions that you may consider that don't fall under the "official" title of access and functional needs.
Instead of thinking about disability. Think about what you need, what everyone may need whether in a disaster or not.
There is a framework called CMIST that can help you understand better how you can be better prepared based on your individual circumstances and also to help others who are definately in the list above.
The C stands for communication. Think about ways you communicate with your family, with your co-workers, with strangers and think about what tools you use and what tools they use. Consider if those tools or the mechanisms of communication were disrupted. Think about other alternative ways you can communicate with others.
The M stands for Maintaining Health. Think about what keeps you alive and healthy. Think about the opportunities you have to make your able to do the things you do. It is importatnt to not only think about medications, but also the things that help you to be comfortable and also to help you get the rest you need. Consider what ways you can prepare to help yourself maintain your health in a disaster situation.
I stands for Independence. This covers a wide range or areas in your life, but think about what helps you to be able to take action to be as independent for yourself as possible. Yes we all need each other, that is why we live in communities, be cause we need eachother, but what in your life can you do to help yourself be a soluntion to some potential problems that may arise. And consider that broken foot, or the glasses, these are things to think about when you are gathering information for your preparedness.
S stands for Safety & Security and Support. Think about what makes you feel safe. Think about what may happen in an unsafe situation and how you may react. Think about how you can protect yourself not just physically, but also digitally. And lastly think about all those people who support you and you support them. The people in your life are an integral part of your preparedness. Consider how you can support and help others before and during disasters. Also consider your workplace and how it supports your way of life. What if something happened to your workplace? Have you thought about what you may need to do? Has your workplace considered what it would do with out potential workers. Communities of all types are the strenght of resilience before, during, and after a disaster. Work with others to become better prepared.
T stands for transportation. Don't just think about your vehicle, although your vehicle is a very important part of your preparedness. Think about how and where and why you travel. Think about the consequences of traveling anywhere, even walking. And I am not just talking about bad consequences. These are the good actions you can prepare for and the opportunity to get to know routes, neighbors, and notifications better.
This was quite a long post, but this framework is a good way to start thinking about other things than the regular preparedness stuff you always think about. Yes getting kits and supplies are important, but don't forget about the little things and don't forget about the people.
For more information on CMIST here are some websites you can visit.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1pogwfIEWh6Tg170ac1UKN9pu5yLvFlVa_UECYkoqqco/edit?pli=1&tab=t.0
https://disasterstrategies.org/what-is-cmist/
https://bemsp.utah.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/34/2022/10/AFN-Toolkit-Final.pdf
HAVE YOU EVER? Communication Been unable to hear a message due to too much noise e.g. airport, conference, classroom or a microphone is not being used Couldn’t see the information because text was too small or the colors were too dark or too light or missing contacts or glasses? Have you ever ...