11/06/2026
DRAFT
Rodenticide Policy For Consideration at the November 12, 2026 Town Meeting.
Anticoagulant Rodenticide Policy on Municipal Properties, Town of Litchfield, CT
Purpose
Certain rodenticide products, widely known as First-Generation Anticoagulant Rodenticides (FGARs) and Second-Generation Anticoagulant Rodenticides (SGARs), are used to control rodent populations but are harmful to non-target species and our larger ecosystem. These poisons are highly toxic and responsible for primary and secondary poisoning to many non-target species including birds of prey and other wildlife, pets, and children.
Intent
The Town of Litchfield is committed to an integrated pest management plan for safe and effective rodent control in and around town-owned buildings and properties. This policy aims to stop the use of FGARs and SGARs on properties under the care and control of the Town of Litchfield to better protect our community.
Unintentional secondary poisoning of natural predators of the target pest has a counterproductive long-term impact on rodent control efforts, increasing risk to our community.
Continuous and intensive use of rodenticides has led to environmental pollution through their retention in the environment.
Pets and children are at risk of rodenticide poisoning.
Applicability
This policy applies to all town-owned properties, including buildings, grounds, parks, open spaces, and the public right of way, and shall be adhered to by all employees of the Town of Litchfield, as well as third party vendors and contractors providing services on town-owned properties.
Policy Requirement
The use of FGARs and SGARs on town-owned properties is hereby prohibited as of the effective date of this policy.
Exceptions
Emergency waivers for the use of FGARs or SGARs on town-owned property may be obtained from the Board of Selectmen. Emergency waivers shall be restricted in time and location. Emergency waivers shall only be granted after a well-documented request detailing a significant rodent infestation of public health consequence or a documented threat of damage to Town-owned equipment, vehicles, or infrastructure, including damage to electrical wiring or other essential components, which persists after all viable, less toxic integrated pest and rodent management practices have been exhausted. Any waivers granted under this section shall be published on the Town’s website.
Enforcement
This policy shall be implemented, administered and enforced by the Town of Litchfield and the First Selectman.
Definitions
Anticoagulant Rodenticides work by interfering with the activation of Vitamin K, a critical component in the production of blood clotting factors in the liver. Specific clinical signs can include widespread bruising, bleeding into body cavities, and blood in the urine or f***s; if the bleeding is sudden and significant, then cardiovascular shock and death can result. Bleeding can occur internally or externally and can affect any part of the body.
First and Second-Generation Anticoagulant Rodenticide Poisons (FGARS, SGARS) work by preventing blood from clotting. Victims die from internal bleeding within a few days. FGARs registered to control rats and mice in the United States include chlorpophacinone, diphacinone and warfarin. Rodents became resistant to the first-generation compounds, so second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides were produced. The second-generation compounds were developed to work more quickly and with greater efficacy than the first-generation products. SGARs registered in the United States include brodifacoum, bromadiolone, difenacoum, and difethialone.
Non-Anticoagulant Rodenticides vary in their mechanism of action. Toxicity symptoms are more variable and are dependent on the chemical and dose. The clinical signs include rapid onset of seizures, muscle tremors, limb weakness, ataxia, neurologic signs, respiratory paralysis, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy. Non-anticoagulant rodenticides currently registered to control mice include bromethalin, cholecalciferol and zinc phosphide.